A grudge is a worn, ugly, itchy sweater you can't get rid of – because if you do, how will you stay warm? Nursing a grievance is part of human nature: At some point, almost everyone does it. Freeing yourself from a festering grudge that's taken on a life of its own isn't easy. But the relief and lightness you'll feel are worth it. Below, therapists explain how grudges hurt you and outline steps for letting go.
The Unforgiven
The unfaithful partner, the uncaring parent, the ex-best friend who shunned you. The workplace bully, the criminal, even your younger self. You have a genuine grievance. Now what?
After a betrayal like infidelity, the urge to protect yourself from further hurt or pain is common, says Jeff Harris, program manager for the employee assistance program at the University of Southern California.
"We recognize that we've been hurt and are out of power and may be vulnerable," says Harris, a licensed marriage, family and child counselor. "We don't like that vulnerability, and that's OK – that's adaptive." Hanging onto the hurt can be a "power bargaining chip" in a relationship, he says, one the injured partner can play at any time: "Don't bring up your complaint about me – remember when?"
Continuing to keep a partner at arm's length from mistrust prevents the relationship from becoming deeper and more satisfying, Harris says, even when a partner offers an apology and actively changes his or her behavior.
Sometimes, of course, that apology never comes. In the absence of hearing "I'm sorry," or without any sense that the person who's harmed you cares that you've suffered, it's as if "scar tissue" forms, says Nancy Colier, a psychotherapist and interfaith minister in private practice in New York City.
"We can hold this out for others to see: 'I was wronged, and I'm angry,' as a way to get some kind of caring," Colier says. "Rather than an authentic experience of caring, it becomes kind of sedimentized to our identity, as one who was wronged, 'so therefore I'm deserving of kindness.'"
Grudges have a corrosive effect on your emotional and physical health. Being stuck in an angry, unforgiving state puts your body into fight-or-flight mode, explained Dr. Karen Swartz, a Johns Hopkins psychiatrist, in a July 2014 article on the healing power of forgiveness. Hormones that are released can raise your blood pressure and heart rate and put you on edge. And the negative, untrusting mindset you hold may spill into other relationships.
Steps for Letting Go
Grudges take time to grow, and getting rid of them is a process. You can follow these steps on your own, or a therapist can help you through.
1. Acknowledge the hurt. You were wronged, and that's real. Describing what happened and how it made you feel is a start – whether you write it in a journal or in a letter you might never send to the person at the center of your grudge. Telling these truths can be "an incredibly powerful process, when you get them in the imaginary chair and express anger," Colier says. And, Harris advises, "Give yourself credit for what you've done to try to cope with the original offense."
2. Decide to forgive. Forgiving someone who hurt you is a gift you give to yourself. It doesn't mean you have to forget the offense or reconcile. It's not about getting the other person to act differently. It might even be forgiving yourself for something you've done or how you've behaved, along with trying to make amends.
3. Realize forgiving isn't condoning. "Acceptance does not equal agreement," Harris says. "People may have a well-practiced sense of justice and fairness, and even though they logically get it – that it's going to be important for them to let go; that they can't control something – they fear if they abandon the fight or release the anger, the perpetrator will believe that they won, or that the victim agrees with what was done." What acceptance really means, he says, is, "I can't go back and create a better version of the past."
4. Ask yourself: Why? People realize the grudge is a problem when they sense their own evolution being stymied, Colier says. They're almost bored, and the grievance is starting to feel old and as if it doesn't matter as much anymore. And yet … letting go feels threatening, she says, because it takes away the default of "Look what happened to me." You also might be anxious that losing the grudge will leave you empty. Instead, you're making room for healthier feelings to fill that space.
5. Consider the trade-off. "Connect to the benefits that will come to you when you make a commitment to forgive and let go," Harris says. "Often, those are peace of mind, regaining personal energy that has been squandered prosecuting your grievance over and over, a sense of freedom and the ability for trust to be rebuilt in a more genuine way."
6. Don't let anger define you. People can forgive horrible wrongs, even heinous crimes. "I was so touched by the parishioners in the church in South Carolina, who within days were publicly coming out and openly describing their forgiveness for the shooter," Harris says. "But they still had a right to see that justice would be carried out. They all needed that, and they wanted that. They didn't want to have the violent act of this loner define their life as something that had to be deeply angry and painful moving forward."
7. Pay attention to feedback. Close friends and partners often serve as sounding boards as you rehash painful details of past grievances. Even the most patient listeners grow weary, however. When people in your life suggest you're getting stuck, it's time to find a new narrative.
8. Change the conversation. If you're the constant confidante to a grudge-holding loved one, Colier says, you can deepen your curiosity and explore why the person needs to dwell on the past, and where they are at the present moment. But if you've just had enough, she says, be truthful. It's "totally acceptable" to say, with kindness and compassion, "I can't keep hearing that anymore. I'm not expecting you to move on, but I do need to self-care here as well."
9. Practice letting go. Empathy enables forgiveness. Recognizing the other person's perspective – that he or she has unresolved pain, too, or that acting in their self-interest may unavoidably conflict with yours – can help you deal with your hurt. Visualization, such as imagining a thick rope connecting you to the person you want to forgive, and then letting the rope go, is one exercise. Daily affirmations, journal writing, meditation and monitoring your thoughts and attitude will all help.
10. Slough off victimhood. Colier recalls a woman who spent years raging about her childhood with an uncaring mother. Whatever happened in adulthood, all roads led back to these mother-daughter issues, allowing her to put her anger "in one big vat." Eventually, though, "she looked at how important this pissed-off, wronged person [herself] had always been to her," Colier says. "What she started to realize was how it had not served her. How it had not allowed her ever to be vulnerable."
11. Embrace yourself. Letting go of a grudge brings about revelation and transformation, as Colier saw with the woman she described: "This whole different person emerged – who had layers, who had texture, who could feel," she says.
12. Build grace. "I encourage [people] to adopt an advanced form of forgiveness, what I call grace," Harris says. "To practice grace is to prepackage forgiveness and set it on the shelf, in anticipation of a future hurtful action from someone who matters to you: a spouse, partner, child, parent or co-worker. When we've already forgiven others for future offenses, we bypass the formation of grudges altogether."
12 Steps To Let Go Of A Grudge was originally published on U.S. News & World Report.
More from U.S. News:
Simple, Proven Ways to Optimize Your Mental Health
8 Things You Didn't Know About Counseling
Apps to Mind Your Mental Health
Also on HuffPost:
